Abū Rayḥān Birūni (Tārīkh va Adabīyāt-i Īrān - 'Aṣr-i Ghaznavī 1): Persian 1401

We are not exaggerating if we consider Abu Rihan as one of the few scientists in the world who, by deviating from the intellectual and ideological standards of their time, have provided new foundations for human knowledge and the grounds for its evolution. The sharpness and frankness of the external critical expression are as if we are dealing with a modern scientist, in the ranks of the greats like Freud, Einstein, and Russell. We can consider him as the world's first Indologist, religious scholar, and anthropologist (in the same sense as we use these words today); A man like Leonardo da Vinci, who was centuries ahead of his time and thought about issues that few people of his time or even many people of later times would think about. According to Babajan Ghafurov, "Baruni was so ahead of his time that his most brilliant discoveries were not understood by most of the scientists of his time; He was the first to achieve a simple formula for measuring the circumference of the earth, and he considered it possible that the earth revolves around the sun.