Majāme‘-e ‘omūmī va sāxtār-hā-ye mobtanī bar kherad-e jam‘ī dar Farānseh Persian 2025

General Assemblies and Collective Intelligence–Based Structures in France is an analytical and critical work by Ahmad Bekheratab’ that examines both the historical and contemporary experience of the French labor movement. Drawing on concrete examples of workers’ struggles, the author challenges the inflated role often attributed to trade unions and syndicates, showing how union bureaucracy can lead to compromise with capitalism and the erosion of workers’ class autonomy.

Focusing on general assemblies, councils, and forms of organization grounded in collective intelligence, the book explores alternative possibilities for labor action—structures capable of strengthening direct participation, collective decision-making, and workers’ self-management. From the Renault strikes of 1947 to contemporary struggles, France is presented not as a ready-made model, but as a living laboratory for understanding both the capacities and limitations of council-based organization.

General Assemblies and Collective Intelligence–Based Structures in France is a thought-provoking book for labor activists, social science researchers, and readers interested in councils and self-organization. Through its critical perspective, it also opens space for reflecting on how these experiences might inspire and inform the labor movement in Iran.