Akhlāq-i Zīst'muḥītī: Persian 1402

Environmental ethics deals with the moral relationship between humans and nature, as well as the moral value and dignity of the environment and non-human phenomena. Many philosophers have written about this topic throughout history, but environmental ethics only became an independent philosophical discipline in the 1970s. The two basic questions that environmental ethics must address are: What duties do humans have towards the environment? and why To address exactly what obligations we have, we usually first need to consider why we have them. For example, do we have environmental obligations to humans living in the world today, or to humans living in the future, or to creatures that exist in the environment regardless of human interests? Philosophers have given completely different answers to these questions, which will be briefly discussed in this book.