Mārks va Khudkushī: Persiska (Farsi) 1399

In 1846, two years before the publication of the Communist Manifesto and twenty-one years before the publication of Capital, Karl Marx published an essay titled "The Pocket on Suicide." Based on the writings of Jacques Pochet, a prominent French economist and statistician whose memoirs included discussions of suicides in Paris, Marx's essay is not a simple translation of Pochet, but an essay that reflects his own strong positions on the issues raised in the book. Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a German philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, communist and revolutionary whose ideas played an important role in the development of modern communism. Marx summed up his approach in the first line of a chapter of the Communist Manifesto published in 1848: "The history of all societies that have ever existed is the history of class struggle." Marx argued that capitalism, like previous socio-economic systems, inevitably creates internal tensions that lead to its destruction. As capitalism replaced feudalism, he believed that socialism would in turn replace capitalism and lead to a stateless and classless society called pure communism. It emerged after a transitional period called the "dictatorship of the proletariat": a period sometimes referred to as a "workers' state" or "workers' democracy". In the first part of the Communist Manifesto, Marx describes feudalism, capitalism and the role that internal social contradictions play in the historical process: So we see: the means of production and exchange, on which the bourgeoisie founded itself, in feudalism Created. At a certain stage of the development of these means of production and exchange, the conditions under which feudal society produced and exchanged... feudal property relations were no longer compatible with the developed productive forces. They became a lot of stuff. They had to be separated. They fell apart. Free competition, along with the social and political constitution that was incorporated into it, and the economic and political dominance of the bourgeois class stepped in their place. A similar movement is going on before our eyes...