کلیات علوم اسلامی (جلد دوم: کلام - عرفان - حکمت عملی) فارسی 1402

This book is the second volume of the "Summaries of Islamic Sciences" series, which was originally a compilation of lectures by Professor Shahid for first and second year students of the Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies at the University of Tehran, and consists of three sections: theology, mysticism, and practical wisdom. The first section includes eight lessons. The first and second lessons deal with the history of theology and the subject matter of this science. The third to eighth lessons are dedicated to explaining the views and beliefs of various theological schools, including the Mu'tazilites, Ash'arites, and Shiites, and their theories on issues such as monotheism, justice, free will, human freedom, and so on are explained in detail. The second section includes eleven lessons. The first, second, and third lessons examine practical mysticism, theoretical mysticism, and the themes of Islamic mysticism. The fourth, fifth, and sixth lessons analyze and review a brief history of mysticism and Sufism from the beginning of Islam to the tenth century AH, which includes descriptions of the lives of famous mystics of these centuries. The seventh, eighth, and ninth lessons include explanations of mystical positions and authorities, and the tenth lesson is dedicated to defining terms such as present, position, acquisition and expansion, absence, and presence. The third part of the book contains eight lessons. The first and second lessons are responsible for defining theoretical and practical wisdom. In the third lesson, one of the branches of practical wisdom, namely "ethics," is discussed, and the criteria of right and wrong in ethics are introduced and explained, while the philosophy of logical analysis of Bertrand Russell (a famous English philosopher) is proposed and criticized. In the fourth to eighth lessons, various theories on ethics are considered and evaluated.