Mudirnītah' kisrat garāyī va buhrān-i ma'nā (jahat gīrī insān-i mudirn): Persian 1402

The European model of secularized modernity has only a limited export value. The most important factor in creating crises of meaning in society and individual life is probably not apparently modern secularism, but modern pluralism. Modernity means a quantitative as well as a qualitative increase in pluralism. The structural causes of this fact are well known, population growth and immigration, and following them, the development of urbanization; multiplying in the physical and demographic sense; The market economy, and industrialization, which brings together people of the most diverse types and encourages them to engage in reasonable peaceful trade with each other; And the rule of law and democracy that provide institutional guarantees for this peaceful coexistence. Mass communication media (both) printed materials that relied on public literacy - which was spread by compulsory education to the entire population - and the latest electronic media continuously and emphatically display the plurality of ways of living and thinking, if the actions and reactions Arising from this plurality, it is not limited by all kinds of "fences", this pluralism becomes completely effective.