شاهنشاهی اشکانی فارسی 1402

The Parthian kings were not passive and subject to fate. Current research is promising for the development of future research. However, a picture that can be drawn today allows us to answer a question that has not yet been asked: how did the Parthians win over the Seleucids, and how were they able to oppose the Roman Empire politically and militarily and even defeat it many times with difficulty? The Parthians, as powerful politicians (like the Achaemenids before them and the Sasanians after them), under the heavy burden of defending Iran, both from Central Asia and the Caucasus, had to divide their forces in order to deal with this double danger. It should be shown how the Parthians, as the true successors of the Achaemenids, were able to continue the path of Iranism and thus find the ability to fight against the Seleucids, i.e. representatives of Hellenism, as well as the Romans, who used Alexander's expansionist attitudes in their eastern policy. The author disagrees with the tendency to look at the Parthians only from the point of view of the Greeks and Romans and treat them as barbarians whose reign was devoid of cultural values and suggests sources tied to the soil of Iran. Based on his research, the results of which have been recognized by most researchers (Postoftsev, Frey, Vanden Berghe, Le Ryder, Shipman, Beaver, Yarshater, Selwood, Koshlenko), he identifies the Parthians as the successors of the Achaemenids and the pioneers. The Sassanians are known as the creators of Iranianness in the fields of language, administrative terminology, ideology, and religion in this book. Without minimizing their contribution to the defense of Iran under the threat of Rome, the author emphasizes the role of their numerous contacts with Iran.